![]() ![]() The overall analysis demonstrated a non-significant effect ( P = .19) and a high degree of heterogeneity ( I 2 = 99%, P < .00001).įour trials with 434 participants were included in the meditation trials subgroup (Fig. These trials yielded results in favor of tai chi, but significance was achieved in only 1 trial. Two trials with 480 participants were included in the tai-chi trials subgroup (Fig. Intervention frequency was reported for 4 of these 6 trials as twice per week, 3 times per week, and every day. Eight of the 10 trials yielded results favoring yoga over the control interventions, which were significant in 6 trials. ![]() The analysis showed a large significant effect (SMD = –1.47 95% CI, –2.26 to –0.68 P = .0003) and a high degree of heterogeneity ( I 2 = 95%, P < .00001) yoga interventions were more effective than control interventions in terms of pain improvement in the short term. ![]() Ten trials with 786 participants were included in the yoga trials subgroup (Fig. Short-term effect of walking and mind-body therapies on pain. ESs calculated with SMDs were interpreted using Cohens method and classified as small (0.20), medium (0.50), and large (0.80). ESs were calculated based on means and standard deviations, and on the sizes of the intervention and control groups. Improvement is associated with higher scores on the outcome measure, SMDs >0 or <0 indicate the degree to which the treatment is more or less effective, respectively, than the control (or placebo). An SMD of 0 means that the treatment and control (or placebo) have equivalent effects. The SMD reflects the intervention effect size (ES) in each study relative to the variability observed in that study. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using a random-effects model with Review Manager Software (version 5.3). To determine the most effective interventions for the treatment of CLBP, exploratory subgroup analyses were conducted based on intervention type. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the literature and to compare the effectiveness of these 2 therapies in the management of CLBP. To our knowledge, no systematic review or meta-analysis has been performed to compare the effectiveness of walking and MBTs for CLBP. Apart from MBTs, walking is cited as an active exercise that reduces pain and activity limitations in patients with CLBP. Yoga is the most widely used MBT for CLBP management and has been demonstrated to effectively improve back-related function. These therapies induce relaxation and improve overall health and well-being. The United States National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine defined MBTs as healing techniques that enhance the minds capacity to affect bodily functions and symptoms. Among such interventions, mind-body therapies (MBTs) are cited as an option to improve function and reduce pain. Management guidelines for this condition recommend graded activity or exercise programs and psychosocial interventions. Meucci et al reported that the prevalence of CLBP was 19.6% among individuals aged 20 to 59 years (an actively working age group). Chronic low back pain (CLBP) has a duration of >3 months, or occurs episodically within a 6-month period. Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is defined as LBP that is not attributable to a known specific pathology. Globally, LBP results in more years lived with disability than does any other health condition its global burden is projected to increase, especially in low-income and middle-income countries, due to population increases, informal employment, and fragile health systems. Low back pain (LBP) is a common symptom worldwide in all age groups, mainly in working populations. ![]()
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